At a glance
Market profile
- Population
- 4,611,961
- Households
- 1,804,780
- Average household size
- 2.49
- Median age
- 38 years
- Median household income
- $60,756
- Housing units
- 2,108,902
2020 Census4,657,757
2024 estimate4,611,961
Change−1.0%
People
Who lives here
- Population
- 4,611,961
- Median age
- 38 years
- Male
- 2,256,573
- Female
- 2,355,388
Median age by sex
- Male median age
- 37 years
- Female median age
- 39.1 years
145,181Under 5139,861
408,1255–17389,683
213,08118–24208,594
302,20625–34309,054
303,88735–44310,079
260,14945–54269,119
279,46855–64301,070
344,47665+427,928
| Category | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| Under 5 | 145,181 | 139,861 |
| 5–17 | 408,125 | 389,683 |
| 18–24 | 213,081 | 208,594 |
| 25–34 | 302,206 | 309,054 |
| 35–44 | 303,887 | 310,079 |
| 45–54 | 260,149 | 269,119 |
| 55–64 | 279,468 | 301,070 |
| 65+ | 344,476 | 427,928 |
View detailed source bins
5–17
Male
- 5–9
- 151,838
- 10–14
- 159,408
- 15–17
- 96,879
Female
- 5–9
- 143,512
- 10–14
- 155,079
- 15–17
- 91,092
18–24
Male
- 18–19
- 59,936
- 20
- 31,178
- 21
- 31,177
- 22–24
- 90,790
Female
- 18–19
- 55,474
- 20
- 34,486
- 21
- 32,265
- 22–24
- 86,369
25–34
Male
- 25–29
- 147,626
- 30–34
- 154,580
Female
- 25–29
- 147,483
- 30–34
- 161,571
35–44
Male
- 35–39
- 154,841
- 40–44
- 149,046
Female
- 35–39
- 159,950
- 40–44
- 150,129
45–54
Male
- 45–49
- 129,314
- 50–54
- 130,835
Female
- 45–49
- 133,632
- 50–54
- 135,487
55–64
Male
- 55–59
- 137,737
- 60–61
- 58,839
- 62–64
- 82,892
Female
- 55–59
- 144,549
- 60–61
- 64,913
- 62–64
- 91,608
65+
Male
- 65–66
- 50,952
- 67–69
- 69,903
- 70–74
- 98,714
- 75–79
- 62,019
- 80–84
- 33,927
- 85+
- 28,961
Female
- 65–66
- 55,643
- 67–69
- 82,476
- 70–74
- 113,663
- 75–79
- 78,111
- 80–84
- 47,622
- 85+
- 50,413
- White alone
- 2,625,85256.9%
- Black alone
- 1,417,85130.7%
- Two or more races
- 341,1707.4%
- Some other race
- 115,6002.5%
- Asian alone
- 80,0521.7%
- American Indian / Alaska Native
- 28,3690.6%
- Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander
- 3,0670.1%
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| White alone | 2,625,852 |
| Black alone | 1,417,851 |
| Two or more races | 341,170 |
| Some other race | 115,600 |
| Asian alone | 80,052 |
| American Indian / Alaska Native | 28,369 |
| Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander | 3,067 |
Ethnicity
- Hispanic or Latino
- 332,716
- White, not Hispanic
- 2,570,539
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity and White, not Hispanic are reported separately from race.
Households
Household structure
- Family households
- 1,130,826
- Married-couple share
- 66.7%
- With children
- 48.4%
571,00331.6%
1 person589,72332.7%
2 people285,30315.8%
3 people208,53711.6%
4 people150,2148.3%
5+ peopleView detailed source bins
5+ people
- 5 People
- 98,705
- 6 People
- 33,202
- 7 Plus People
- 18,307
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| 1 person | 571,003 |
| 2 people | 589,723 |
| 3 people | 285,303 |
| 4 people | 208,537 |
| 5+ people | 150,214 |
All family households1,130,826
- With children
- 280,42637.2%
- Without children
- 473,80562.8%
- Male householder
- 96,44425.6%
- Female householder
- 280,15174.4%
| Group | Value | Share of parent |
|---|---|---|
| All family households | 1,130,826 | Not applicable |
| Married-couple families | 754,231 | 66.7% |
| With children | 280,426 | 37.2% |
| Without children | 473,805 | 62.8% |
| Other families | 376,595 | 33.3% |
| Male householder | 96,444 | 25.6% |
| Female householder | 280,151 | 74.4% |
Income
Income distribution
- Median household
- $60,756
- Median family
- $79,407
- Per capita
- $35,038
403,39222.4%
Under $25k364,33420.2%
$25–49k286,49315.9%
$50–74k210,65911.7%
$75–99k267,27314.8%
$100–149k131,7877.3%
$150–199k140,8427.8%
$200k+View detailed source bins
Under $25k
- Under $10,000
- 129,134
- $10,000–$14,999
- 104,513
- $15,000–$19,999
- 81,330
- $20,000–$24,999
- 88,415
$25–49k
- $25,000–$29,999
- 76,876
- $30,000–$34,999
- 74,348
- $35,000–$39,999
- 74,466
- $40,000–$44,999
- 70,197
- $45,000–$49,999
- 68,447
$50–74k
- $50,000–$59,999
- 124,751
- $60,000–$74,999
- 161,742
$100–149k
- $100,000–$124,999
- 157,960
- $125,000–$149,999
- 109,313
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Under $25k | 403,392 |
| $25–49k | 364,334 |
| $50–74k | 286,493 |
| $75–99k | 210,659 |
| $100–149k | 267,273 |
| $150–199k | 131,787 |
| $200k+ | 140,842 |
Education
Attainment and marital status
- Education universe
- 3,107,436
- High school or higher
- 87.3%
- Bachelor’s or higher
- 27%
139,9644.5%
Less than 9th grade255,7808.2%
Grades 9–12, no diploma1,009,51432.5%
High school or equivalent635,34120.4%
Some college, no degree226,4557.3%
Associate degree527,35417.0%
Bachelor’s degree313,02810.1%
Graduate or professionalView detailed source bins
Less than 9th grade
- No Schooling
- 51,315
- Nursery School
- 871
- Kindergarten
- 461
- First Grade
- 685
- Second Grade
- 1,391
- Third Grade
- 4,527
- Fourth Grade
- 2,888
- Fifth Grade
- 6,480
- Sixth Grade
- 19,597
- Seventh Grade
- 16,200
- Eighth Grade
- 35,549
Grades 9–12, no diploma
- Ninth Grade
- 49,659
- Tenth Grade
- 69,959
- Eleventh Grade
- 79,345
- Twelfth No Diploma
- 56,817
High school or equivalent
- Regular High School Diploma
- 839,101
- Ged Or Alternative Credential
- 170,413
Some college, no degree
- Some College Under 1 Year
- 187,949
- Some College 1 Or More Years No Degree
- 447,392
Graduate or professional
- Masters Degree
- 216,017
- Professional School Degree
- 59,524
- Doctorate Degree
- 37,487
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Less than 9th grade | 139,964 |
| Grades 9–12, no diploma | 255,780 |
| High school or equivalent | 1,009,514 |
| Some college, no degree | 635,341 |
| Associate degree | 226,455 |
| Bachelor’s degree | 527,354 |
| Graduate or professional | 313,028 |
53,997180,888
Widowed186,984246,954
Divorced35,25245,131
Separated854,155839,657
Now Married705,010649,437
Never Married78,03583,247
Married Spouse Absent776,120756,410
Married Spouse Present| Category | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| Widowed | 53,997 | 180,888 |
| Divorced | 186,984 | 246,954 |
| Separated | 35,252 | 45,131 |
| Now Married | 854,155 | 839,657 |
| Never Married | 705,010 | 649,437 |
| Married Spouse Absent | 78,035 | 83,247 |
| Married Spouse Present | 776,120 | 756,410 |
Housing
Tenure, occupancy, and housing stock
- Median home value
- $216,500
- Median gross rent
- $1,064
- Owner
- 1,216,12767.4%
- Renter
- 588,65332.6%
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Owner | 1,216,127 |
| Renter | 588,653 |
- Occupied
- 1,804,78085.6%
- Vacant
- 304,12214.4%
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Occupied | 1,804,780 |
| Vacant | 304,122 |
Owner financing
- Owners with mortgage
- 634,523
- Owners without mortgage
- 581,604
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| For rent | 50,696 |
| For sale | 15,592 |
| Rented, not occupied | 8,413 |
| Sold, not occupied | 9,779 |
| Seasonal | 47,342 |
| Migrant workers | 1,086 |
| Other | 171,214 |
View detailed source bins
2–4 units
- Structure 2 Units
- 80,115
- Structure 3–4 Units
- 86,293
5–19 units
- Structure 5–9 Units
- 69,710
- Structure 10–19 Units
- 59,237
20+ units
- Structure 20–49 Units
- 45,863
- Structure 50 Plus Units
- 60,981
Mobile or other
- Structure Mobile Home
- 264,776
- Structure Boat Rv Van Other
- 4,512
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Detached | 1,377,991 |
| Attached | 59,424 |
| 2–4 units | 166,408 |
| 5–19 units | 128,947 |
| 20+ units | 106,844 |
| Mobile or other | 269,288 |
384,61618.2%
Before 1960591,85928.1%
1960–79542,41225.7%
1980–99551,52726.2%
2000–1938,4881.8%
2020+View detailed source bins
Before 1960
- 1939 Earlier
- 129,432
- 1940–1949
- 78,768
- 1950–1959
- 176,416
1960–79
- 1960–1969
- 234,751
- 1970–1979
- 357,108
1980–99
- 1980–1989
- 305,351
- 1990–1999
- 237,061
2000–19
- 2000–2009
- 300,992
- 2010–2019
- 250,535
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Before 1960 | 384,616 |
| 1960–79 | 591,859 |
| 1980–99 | 542,412 |
| 2000–19 | 551,527 |
| 2020+ | 38,488 |
Before 1990
201,853
13,830
1990s
164,512
13,049
2000s
262,283
43,600
2010s
420,825
264,722
2020–22
146,045
201,456
2023+
20,609
51,996
| Category | Owner | Renter |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1990 | 201,853 | 13,830 |
| 1990s | 164,512 | 13,049 |
| 2000s | 262,283 | 43,600 |
| 2010s | 420,825 | 264,722 |
| 2020–22 | 146,045 | 201,456 |
| 2023+ | 20,609 | 51,996 |
245,14020.2%
Under $100k480,18139.5%
$100–249k384,52131.6%
$250–499k65,9885.4%
$500–749k22,1351.8%
$750–999k10,4910.9%
$1–1.49m7,6710.6%
$1.5m+View detailed source bins
Under $100k
- Under 10000
- 27,142
- 10000–14999
- 15,734
- 15000–19999
- 12,573
- 20000–24999
- 14,472
- 25000–29999
- 10,017
- 30000–34999
- 13,715
- 35000–39999
- 6,846
- 40000–49999
- 19,132
- 50000–59999
- 22,143
- 60000–69999
- 22,816
- 70000–79999
- 21,941
- 80000–89999
- 30,316
- 90000–99999
- 28,293
$100–249k
- 100000–124999
- 72,856
- 125000–149999
- 55,985
- 150000–174999
- 98,083
- 175000–199999
- 78,235
- 200000–249999
- 175,022
$250–499k
- 250000–299999
- 129,703
- 300000–399999
- 167,642
- 400000–499999
- 87,176
$1.5m+
- 1500000–1999999
- 2,933
- 2000000+
- 4,738
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Under $100k | 245,140 |
| $100–249k | 480,181 |
| $250–499k | 384,521 |
| $500–749k | 65,988 |
| $750–999k | 22,135 |
| $1–1.49m | 10,491 |
| $1.5m+ | 7,671 |
View detailed source bins
Under $500
- Under 100
- 744
- 100–149
- 939
- 150–199
- 2,258
- 200–249
- 4,330
- 250–299
- 9,479
- 300–349
- 8,911
- 350–399
- 7,856
- 400–449
- 7,127
- 450–499
- 7,659
$500–999
- 500–549
- 9,096
- 550–599
- 10,648
- 600–649
- 13,276
- 650–699
- 14,650
- 700–749
- 17,950
- 750–799
- 21,221
- 800–899
- 46,108
- 900–999
- 53,147
$1,000–1,499
- 1000–1249
- 117,356
- 1250–1499
- 75,431
$3,000+
- 3000–3499
- 1,268
- 3500+
- 3,629
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Under $500 | 49,303 |
| $500–999 | 186,096 |
| $1,000–1,499 | 192,787 |
| $1,500–1,999 | 73,010 |
| $2,000–2,499 | 19,589 |
| $2,500–2,999 | 4,846 |
| $3,000+ | 4,897 |
No vehicle
45,288
107,200
1 vehicle
365,259
300,073
2 vehicles
526,738
143,455
3 vehicles
196,288
29,505
4 vehicles
60,655
6,365
5+ vehicles
21,899
2,055
| Category | Owner | Renter |
|---|---|---|
| No vehicle | 45,288 | 107,200 |
| 1 vehicle | 365,259 | 300,073 |
| 2 vehicles | 526,738 | 143,455 |
| 3 vehicles | 196,288 | 29,505 |
| 4 vehicles | 60,655 | 6,365 |
| 5+ vehicles | 21,899 | 2,055 |
Transportation
How residents get to work
- Workers age 16+
- 1,988,865
- Average commute
- 25.7 min
- Drive alone
- 1,562,51778.6%
- Carpool
- 173,1918.7%
- Public transit
- 17,3300.9%
- Walk or bicycle
- 42,9162.2%
- Work from home
- 161,2648.1%
- Other
- 31,6471.6%
View detailed source bins
Walk or bicycle
- Walked
- 36,441
- Bicycle
- 6,475
Other
- Other Transportation
- 26,055
- Motorcycle
- 1,420
- Taxi Or Ride Hailing
- 4,172
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Drive alone | 1,562,517 |
| Carpool | 173,191 |
| Public transit | 17,330 |
| Walk or bicycle | 42,916 |
| Work from home | 161,264 |
| Other | 31,647 |
517,04728.3%
Under 15 min687,57837.6%
15–29 min345,60018.9%
30–44 min130,2607.1%
45–59 min147,1168.0%
60+ minView detailed source bins
Under 15 min
- Under 5
- 58,828
- 5–9
- 183,060
- 10–14
- 275,159
15–29 min
- 15–19
- 314,766
- 20–24
- 259,514
- 25–29
- 113,298
30–44 min
- 30–34
- 244,829
- 35–39
- 45,815
- 40–44
- 54,956
60+ min
- 60–89
- 94,054
- 90+
- 53,062
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Under 15 min | 517,047 |
| 15–29 min | 687,578 |
| 30–44 min | 345,600 |
| 45–59 min | 130,260 |
| 60+ min | 147,116 |
Workforce
Labor force and job flows
- Population age 16+
- 3,652,089
- Civilian labor force
- 2,148,164
- Employed
- 2,013,003
- Unemployed
- 135,161
- Unemployment rate
- 6.3%
- Poverty universe
- 4,485,706
- Persons below poverty
- 848,967
- Gini index
- 0.5
- White-collar workers
- 1,184,466
- Blue-collar workers
- 470,700
Service Occupations
144,923
212,914
Sales Office Occupations
130,703
270,729
Management Business Science Arts
336,464
446,570
Production Transportation Material Moving
211,602
44,512
Natural Resources Construction Maintenance
205,570
9,016
| Category | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| Service Occupations | 144,923 | 212,914 |
| Sales Office Occupations | 130,703 | 270,729 |
| Management Business Science Arts | 336,464 | 446,570 |
| Production Transportation Material Moving | 211,602 | 44,512 |
| Natural Resources Construction Maintenance | 205,570 | 9,016 |
Employment and commuting
- Resident workers
- 1,754,448
- Workplace jobs
- 1,768,189
- Internal commuters
- 1,693,171
- Inbound commuters
- 75,018
- Outbound commuters
- 61,277
- Net worker inflow
- 13,741
Health insurance
Insurance coverage
- Insured
- 4,161,64392.2%
- Uninsured
- 353,9847.8%
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Insured | 4,161,643 |
| Uninsured | 353,984 |
52,04514.7%
Under 19127,55136.0%
Age 19–34169,64047.9%
Age 35–644,7481.3%
Age 65+| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Under 19 | 52,045 |
| Age 19–34 | 127,551 |
| Age 35–64 | 169,640 |
| Age 65+ | 4,748 |
Community
Nativity, citizenship, and mobility
- Native born
- 4,387,42495.1%
- Foreign born
- 224,5374.9%
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Native born | 4,387,424 |
| Foreign born | 224,537 |
Citizenship
- Naturalized citizen
- 90,569
- Not a citizen
- 133,968
Residential mobility
- Same house
- 4,038,359
- Within same county
- 282,881
- From another county
- 142,067
- From another state
- 75,004
- From abroad
- 20,408
Sources and method
Vintages, quality, and methodology
Source vintages
- Demographics
- 2024 ACS 5-year
- Historical baseline
- 2020 Census
- Employment
- 2023 LODES
Report quality
- Status
- complete
- kind
- published geography
- estimated
- false
Historical housing baseline
- 2020 housing units
- 2,073,200
The 2020 Census is used only as a historical population and housing baseline. It is not an annual population series and no intermediate years are inferred.
Named-geography values are published ACS estimates; margins of error are retained alongside direct values where supplied.